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1.
Diversitas perspectiv. psicol ; 18(1): 105-119, ene.-jun. 2022.
Article in Spanish | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1421361

ABSTRACT

Resumen El propósito de este trabajo es presentar un estado del arte sobre los estudios en el campo académico de la discapacidad en un intento por aportar elementos teóricos a quienes vienen trabajando la discapacidad como problema social y no como un asunto de tipo médico y rehabilitador. Se realizó una revisión documental de artículos de investigación, capítulos de libros y libros en diversas bases de datos donde se analizaron 55 fuentes documentales utilizando como técnica el análisis documental a partir del instrumento de la regilla documental. Entre los resultados se destaca que los problemas sobre los que ha girado el estudio de la discapacidad han sido en educación inclusiva, desarrollo humano, justicia social, estudios decoloniales y críticos de la discapacidad, y alrededor de la identidad y el reconocimiento. Se concluye que aún prevalece una mirada a la discapacidad y las personas con discapacidad desde la deficiencia, la superación, la rehabilitación y la limitación, y aunque existen estudios que interpelan a los sujetos con discapacidad, en estos prevalecen los abordajes alrededor de los obstáculos o elementos facilitadores para la inclusión.


Abstract This paper aims to present the state of art on research in the academic field of disability in an attempt to provide theoretical elements to those who have been working on disability as a social problem and not as a medical and rehabilitative issue. A documentary review of research articles, book chapters, and books in various databases was carried out. Fifty-five documentary sources were analyzed using the documentary analysis technique based on the documentary grid instrument. Among the results, it is highlighted that the study of disability has revolved around the aspects of inclusive education, human development, social justice, decolonial and critical studies of disability, and identity and recognition. It is concluded that disability and persons with disabilities are still viewed from the point of view of impairment, overcoming, rehabilitation, and limitation, and although there are studies that question subjects with disabilities, these studies focus on the obstacles or facilitating elements for inclusion.

2.
Diversitas perspectiv. psicol ; 16(1): 93-112, ene.-jun. 2020. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1375278

ABSTRACT

Resumen A continuación se presenta una aproximación al estado actual de investigaciones relacionadas con la vejez y ser persona vieja. Para lograrlo se revisó sistemáticamente un amplio conjunto de referencias para dar cuenta de los aspectos más destacados, a saber, propósito general, referentes conceptuales, tipos de diseño, tipos de estudio, sujetos participantes, técnicas de recolección de la información, resultados, conclusiones y recomendaciones. Posteriormente, se analizó en Colombia, durante los años 2008-2018, la formación universitaria existente, es decir, trabajos de grado de pregrado, especialización, maestría y doctorado y la producción escrita en libros. Además de los eventos académicos realizados durante los años 2014 - 2018 que permitan dar cuenta del estado actual de los estudios sobre la vejez y ser persona vieja desde una perspectiva interdisciplinaria.


Abstract The following article presents an approach to the current state of research related to old age and being an elderly person. To this end, a broad set of references were systematically reviewed to account for the most outstanding aspects, namely: the general purpose of the study, conceptual references, types of design, types of study, participating subjects, techniques for collecting information, results, conclusions, and recommendations. Subsequently, the existing university education in Colombia for the years 2008-2018 was analyzed: that is, Undergraduate, Specialization, Masters and Doctorate degree programs, as well as and the written production in books. Additionally, the analysis covered the academic events held during the years 2014-2018, which allow to account for the current status of studies on old age and being an elderly person from an interdisciplinary perspective.

4.
Interdisciplinaria ; 36(2): 1-1, dic. 2019. tab, graf
Article in Spanish | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1056536

ABSTRACT

Resumen El objetivo del presente estudio fue establecer las características del comportamiento proambiental de los estudiantes universitarios colombianos, esto es, identificar las actitudes, creencias, valoraciones, prácticas y conocimientos ambientales de estudiantes colombianos de diferentes carreras universitarias. Para ello se realizó un estudio descriptivo-correlacional de corte transversal con una muestra de 1503 estudiantes de diferentes carreras universitarias en cinco ciudades colombianas, con una probabilidad de incidencia de .5, 95 % de confianza y un error del 2.5 %. Los participantes fueron seleccionados aleatoriamente al interior de cada universidad y seles aplicaron el Inventario de Comportamiento Proambiental (ICP) y el Test de Conocimiento Ambiental (TCA), este último desarrollado específicamente para propósitos de la presente investigación. Se encontró que los estudiantes encuestados poseen actitudes y creencias ambientales positivas en la mayoría de las dimensiones. El nivel de conocimiento ambiental de los estudiantes en las cinco ciudades seleccionadas es bajo. Si bien no se observaron diferencias significativas entre las carreras respecto a las creencias, valoraciones, acciones y conocimientos ambientales, paradójicamente los estudiantes de ciencias ambientales ocuparon lugares inferiores a los que estudian ciencias económicas y administrativas. Se puede concluir que existen diferencias según la ciudad en las creencias, valoración, conocimiento y acciones ambientales de los estudiantes encuestados. El reporte de acciones ambientales presenta un perfil controversial pues al mismo tiempo las personas realizan comportamientos proambientales y antiambientales. Las instituciones universitarias y el gobierno tienen el desafío de lograr que la educación ambiental muestre los resultados esperados para el cumplimiento de las metas ambientales del país y del mundo.


Abstract The objective of the present study was to establish the characteristics of the pro environmental behavior of Colombian university students; that is, to identify the attitudes, beliefs, valuations, practices and environmental knowledge of Colombian students from different university careers. For this purpose, a cross-sectional descriptive-correlational study was carried out with a sample of 1503 students from different university careers in five Colombian cities, with an incidence probability of .5, 95 % confidence and an error of 2.5 %. The participants were randomly selected within each university and the questionnaires applied were the Pro environmental Behaviour Inventory (ICP) and the Environmental Knowledge Test (TCA); the latter was developed specifically for the purposes of this research. The students surveyed were found to have positive environmental attitudes and beliefs in most dimensions. The level of environmental awareness of students in the five selected cities is low. Although no significant differences were observed between the careers with respect to beliefs, valuations, actions and environmental knowledge, paradoxically the students of environmental sciences occupied inferior places to those who study economic and administrative sciences. Thus, in the analysis of specific items it was evidenced that the students of environmental sciences develop diverse anti environmental actions, in a similar way to the behavior patterns of the students of the other researched careers. With respect to the region, the results show that it is possible to conclude that there are differences according to the city with respect to the beliefs, valuation, knowledge and environmental actions of the students surveyed. Among the findings it is worth highlighting the results of Bucaramanga in terms of the report of environmental actions and the highest average in the TCA observed in that city. Similarly, Cali stands out along with Bucaramanga in its results, while Medellín obtained the lowest scores in environmental knowledge. Finally, in the report on environmental actions in university students, contradictory results are observed, given that it presents a controversial profile because people perform pro-environmental and anti-environmental behaviors at the same time, with positive environmental attitudes and beliefs in accordance with these attitudes. Regarding the knowledge about the environment, in the descriptive results the average of the test was 12 points, which means that the students failed the test. The multivariate analysis showed that the theoretical model on which the construction of the ICP was based and the instruments from which items were selected for its conformation, apparently has great predictive power with respect to the verbal report of environmental actions; however, the TCA, a test constructed specifically for this research, would covariate with almost all the factors of the ICP but does not predict causally the actions reported by the students. In general, this study shows that university institutions and the Colombian government have the challenge of ensuring that environmental education achieves the expected results for the fulfillment of both the country and the world's environmental goals. The results also demonstrates the need to articulate policies, actions and regulations to improve the quality of environmental education in universities, as well as to implement citizen behavior programs that promote responsible consumption, given that knowledge does not correlate with effective actions in terms of public services, green brands and solid urban waste management, among other areas.

5.
Diversitas perspectiv. psicol ; 15(1): 61-72, ene.-jun. 2019. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1001872

ABSTRACT

Resumen Objetivo: evaluar los factores psicosociales asociados al estrés en una muestra de profesores de una universidad privada colombiana. Método: Estudio descriptivo correlacional de una muestra intencional de 61 profesores (rango de edad 25 a 63 años; 65,6 % hombres). Se utilizaron el cuestionario de salud del paciente PHQ-9, Cuestionario de Ansiedad generalizada GAD-7, Escala de estrés percibido PSS-14 y un cuestionario sobre factores psicosociales laborales. Adicionalmente se midió la presión arterial. Resultados: El 21,3 % de los profesores presentan niveles significativos de estrés. Hay mayor necesidad de trabajar en casa, interferencia familia-trabajo y trabajo-familia en profesores con estrés, mientras que el control es menor. Cabe anotar que estos profesores también presentan mayor sintomatología emocional. El modelo final mostró que la necesidad de trabajar en casa y la interferencia familia - trabajo explican el 45,6 % de la varianza en el estrés laboral de los profesores.


Abstract Objective: to evaluate the psychosocial factors associated with stress in a sample of professors from a private Colombian university. Method: Correlational descriptive study of an intentional sample of 61 professors (age range 25 to 63 years, 65,6 % men). The patient's health questionnaire PHQ-9, Generalized Anxiety Questionnaire GAD-7, Perceived Stress Scale PSS-14 and a questionnaire of psychosocial work factors were used. In addition, blood pressure measurements were taken. Results: 21,3 % of professors had significant levels of stress. There are more need to work at home, family-work and work-family interference in professors with stress, while control is lower. It should be noted that these teachers also have greater emotional symptoms. The final model showed that the need to work at home and the family - work interference explain 45,6 % of the variance in teachers' work stress.

6.
Rev. CES psicol ; 7(2): 153-172, jul.-dic. 2014. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-752902

ABSTRACT

A continuación se presenta una aproximación al estado del arte de investigaciones relacionadas con las comunidades psicoterapéuticas y teoterapéuticas como modalidades de intervención para el tratamiento de las adicciones a sustancias psicoactivas (SPA). Para lograr este cometido, se ha revisado sistemáticamente un amplio conjunto de referencias (libros y artículos) publicadas entre los años 1994 y 2013, relacionados con la investigación de este tipo de intervenciones en el campo de la psiquiatría y psicología. Se parte de caracterizar comparativamente las comunidades psicoterapéuticas y teoterapéuticas en sus rasgos más sobresalientes; luego se aborda el tema de las bases psicoterapéuticas de la intervención en casos de adicción al consumo de SPA, y finalmente, se presentan las tendencias en cuanto a los modelos teóricos, métodos de investigación y temas de indagación que permiten bosquejar el estado actual de esta importante cuestión en el campo de la clínica de las adicciones.


This article presents an approach to the state of art related to some investigations with Teotherapeutics and Psycotherapeutics communities as a way of investigation for the treatment of psychoactive substances addiction. To achieve this goal, researchers have conducted systematically, a wide bibliography focused on this type of investigations into the psychiatry and psychology field. It starts from characterizing comparatively the most outstanding features of Teotherapeutics and Psycotherapeutics, and then the issue is addressed to the therapeutic bases of the intervention in case of psychoactive substance addiction Finally, It would present the trends in theoretical models, research methods and topics of inquest, that allow to outline the current state of this important issue in the clinical field.

7.
Sex., salud soc. (Rio J.) ; (10): 37-69, abr. 2012.
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-625404

ABSTRACT

Este artículo reflexiona, desde una perspectiva interdisciplinar -sociología, antropología y psicoanálisis- sobre la práctica swinger en tanto estilo de vida en la ciudad de Cali, Colombia. Esta connotación de lo swinger, como una práctica que permite el establecimiento del lazo social con sentido, lleva a cuestionar una percepción moralizante y prejuiciosa de la misma, compartida no sólo por personas que la consideran como una transgresión del deber ser de la sexualidad, sino también por profesionales del campo "psi", que la califican como perversa. El texto discute ambas posturas, que parecen desconocer las inflexiones resultantes de las actuales transformaciones de la intimidad.


Este artigo reflete, de uma perspectiva interdisciplinar - sociologia, antropologia e psicanálise - sobre a prática swinger enquanto estilo de vida na cidade de Cali, Colômbia. Esta conotação do swinger como uma prática que permite o estabelecimento do laço social com sentido leva a questionar uma percepção moralizadora e preconceituosa a seu respeito, compartilhada não só por pessoas que a consideram como uma transgressão do dever ser da sexualidade, mas também por profissionais do campo "psi", que a qualificam como perversa. O texto discute ambas as posturas, que parecem desconhecer as inflexões resultantes das atuais transformações da intimidade.


This article addresses swinger practice as a lifestyle in Cali, Colombia, from a cross-discipline perspective, using sociology, anthropology and psychoanalysis. This understanding of swinger sexuality as a meaningful, socially binding practice questions prejudiced, moralizing assessments shared by those who consider it a transgression, and by professionals in the 'psi' field, who classify it as perverse. This article challenges both stances, which misrecognize inflexions resulting from current transformations of intimacy.


Subject(s)
Humans , Sexual Behavior , Sexuality , Life Style
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